# Debian 10 設定
Ubuntu / Debian 台灣最佳鏡像網站 (opens new window) 國網中心 opensource.nchc.org.tw ==> http://ftp.tw.debian.org/pmwiki/index.php?n=FSLab.MirrorLists
/etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://opensource.nchc.org.tw/debian/ jessie maindeb-src http://opensource.nchc.org.tw/debian/ jessie main
deb http://security.debian.org/ jessie/updates main contribdeb-src http://security.debian.org/ jessie/updates main contrib
# jessie-updates, previously known as 'volatile'deb http://opensource.nchc.org.tw/debian/ jessie-updates main contribdeb-src http://opensource.nchc.org.tw/debian/ jessie-updates main contrib
sudo apt update
# 使用者設定
設定使用者 alanjui 可使用 sudo 指令
Configuration
su -
usermod -a -G sudo alanjui
Validation
su - alanjui
groups
# 安裝「系統安裝/設定用工具」
安裝基礎工具
sudo apt update
sudo apt install git
【註】:不要在此時安裝 vim 。
安裝 Nerd Fonts
mkdir tmp && cd $_
wget https://github.com/ryanoasis/nerd-fonts/releases/download/v2.1.0/Hermit.zip
mkdir -p ~/.local/share/fonts
unzip Hermit.zip
cp Hurmit*.otf ~/.local/share/fonts/
fc-cache -fv
ls ~/.local/share/fonts/ | grep Hurmit
fc-list
【參考文件】: https://ostechnix.com/install-nerd-fonts-to-add-glyphs-in-your-code-on-linux/
https://github.com/ryanoasis/nerd-fonts/blob/master/patched-fonts/FiraMono/Regular/complete/Fira%20Mono%20Regular%20Nerd%20Font%20Complete.otf?raw=true
# VirtualBox Guest Additions
https://kifarunix.com/install-virtualbox-guest-additions-on-debian-10-buster/
https://linuxize.com/post/how-to-install-virtualbox-guest-additions-on-debian-10/
sudo apt update -y && apt upgrade
sudo apt install build-essential dkms linux-headers-$(uname -r)
掛載 CD-ROM 方法
〔作法一〕:
sudo sh /media/cdrom0/VBoxLinuxAdditions.run
alanjui@VB01-Debian-10:~$ sudo sh /media/cdrom0/VBoxLinuxAdditions.run
Verifying archive integrity... All good.
Uncompressing VirtualBox 6.1.16 Guest Additions for Linux........
VirtualBox Guest Additions installer
Removing installed version 6.1.16 of VirtualBox Guest Additions...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.19.0-13-amd64
Copying additional installer modules ...
Installing additional modules ...
VirtualBox Guest Additions: Starting.
VirtualBox Guest Additions: Building the VirtualBox Guest Additions kernel
modules. This may take a while.
VirtualBox Guest Additions: To build modules for other installed kernels, run
VirtualBox Guest Additions: /sbin/rcvboxadd quicksetup <version>
VirtualBox Guest Additions: or
VirtualBox Guest Additions: /sbin/rcvboxadd quicksetup all
VirtualBox Guest Additions: Building the modules for kernel 4.19.0-13-amd64.
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.19.0-13-amd64
VirtualBox Guest Additions: Running kernel modules will not be replaced until
the system is restarted
〔作法二〕:
alanjui@VB05-Debian10-KDE:/media/cdrom$ sudo mkdir -p /mnt/cdrom
alanjui@VB05-Debian10-KDE:/media/cdrom$ ll /dev/cdrom
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 3 1月 11 22:50 /dev/cdrom -> sr0
alanjui@VB05-Debian10-KDE:/media/cdrom$ sudo mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
mount: /mnt/cdrom: WARNING: device write-protected, mounted read-only.
alanjui@VB01-Debian-10:~$ lsblk -l
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 20G 0 disk
sda1 8:1 0 7G 0 part /
sda2 8:2 0 1K 0 part
sda5 8:5 0 976M 0 part [SWAP]
sda6 8:6 0 12.1G 0 part /home
sr0 11:0 1 58.2M 0 rom /media/cdrom0
sudo mount /dev/sr0 /mnt/cdrom
cd /mnt/cdrom
sudo sh ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run --nox11
Verifying archive integrity... All good.
Uncompressing VirtualBox 6.1.16 Guest Additions for Linux........
VirtualBox Guest Additions installer
Copying additional installer modules ...
Installing additional modules ...
VirtualBox Guest Additions: Starting.
VirtualBox Guest Additions: Building the VirtualBox Guest Additions kernel
modules. This may take a while.
VirtualBox Guest Additions: To build modules for other installed kernels, run
VirtualBox Guest Additions: /sbin/rcvboxadd quicksetup <version>
VirtualBox Guest Additions: or
VirtualBox Guest Additions: /sbin/rcvboxadd quicksetup all
VirtualBox Guest Additions: Building the modules for kernel 4.19.0-13-amd64.
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.19.0-13-amd64
VirtualBox Guest Additions: Running kernel modules will not be replaced until
the system is restarted
sudo reboot
設定與 Host 的 Shared Folder(共享資料夾)
(0)確認「共享資料夾」的「擁有權」,屬於 root:vboxsf
alanjui@VB01-Debian-10:~$ ls -l
總計 40
drwxr-xr-x 7 alanjui alanjui 4096 12月 26 11:59 n
drwxr-xr-t 2 alanjui alanjui 4096 12月 26 10:37 thinclient_drives
drwxr-xr-x 11 alanjui alanjui 4096 12月 26 12:19 vim
drwxrwx--- 1 root vboxsf 512 1月 16 21:03 下載
drwxr-xr-x 2 alanjui alanjui 4096 12月 20 20:21 公共
drwxr-xr-x 2 alanjui alanjui 4096 12月 20 20:21 圖片
drwxr-xr-x 2 alanjui alanjui 4096 12月 20 20:21 影片
drwxr-xr-x 2 alanjui alanjui 4096 12月 20 20:21 文件
drwxr-xr-x 2 alanjui alanjui 4096 12月 20 20:21 桌面
drwxr-xr-x 2 alanjui alanjui 4096 12月 20 20:21 模板
drwxr-xr-x 2 alanjui alanjui 4096 12月 20 20:21 音樂
(1)確認「作業系統」中,已建立名稱為:「vboxsf」之「群組」:
vim /etc/group
(2)將可使用「共享資料夾」之使用者帳號,加入 vboxsf 群祖中:
〔方法一〕:變更已建立帳號使用者所屬的群組
sudo usermod -aG vboxsf alanjui
〔方法二〕:將使用者帳號加入 vboxsf 群組
sudo adduser $USER vboxsf
【註】:usermod -aG 選項的「全名」
sudo usermod --append --groups vboxsf $USER
(3)驗證設定正確。
- 先登出,再登入;
- 輸入如下指令:
alanjui@VB01-Debian-10:~$ groups alanjui
alanjui : alanjui cdrom floppy sudo audio dip video plugdev netdev bluetooth scanner vboxsf
alanjui@VB01-Debian-10:~$ grep 'vboxsf' /etc/group
vboxsf:x:998:alanjui
alanjui@VB01-Debian-10:~$ ll /media
總計 11
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 1月 16 21:04 .
drwxr-xr-x 19 root root 4096 1月 10 20:09 ..
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 6 12月 20 20:12 cdrom -> cdrom0
dr-xr-xr-x 5 root root 2408 10月 15 22:48 cdrom0
alanjui@VB01-Debian-10:~$ sudo chown -R `whoami`:users /media
alanjui@VB01-Debian-10:~$ ll /media
總計 11
drwxr-xr-x 3 alanjui users 4096 1月 16 21:04 .
drwxr-xr-x 19 root root 4096 1月 10 20:09 ..
lrwxrwxrwx 1 alanjui users 6 12月 20 20:12 cdrom -> cdrom0
dr-xr-xr-x 5 root root 2408 10月 15 22:48 cdrom0
# VirtualBox Shared Folders
(1)在 VirtualBox 設定「Shared Folders」
(2)在使用者登入 Debian 後,設定欲掛載之資料夾:host
alanjui@VB01-Debian-10:~$ mkdir host
alanjui@VB01-Debian-10:~$ sudo mount -t vboxsf vbox /home/alanjui/host
【Shared名稱未正確設定時,將發生如下之錯誤】:
alanjui@VB01-Debian-10:~$ sudo mount -t vboxsf vbox /home/alanjui/host
/sbin/mount.vboxsf: shared folder 'vbox' was not found (check VM settings / spelling)
(3)設定「作業系統自動掛載設定」: /etc/fstab
sudo vim /etc/fstab
....
vbox /home/alanjuihost vboxsf comment=systemd.automount 0 0
(4)先登出,再登入。打開「終端機」,輸入如下指令,確認「共享資料夾」,被掛載在「/media」目錄之下:sf_
alanjui@VB01-Debian-10:~$ ls -l /media
總計 3
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 6 12月 20 20:12 cdrom -> cdrom0
dr-xr-xr-x 5 root root 2408 10月 15 22:48 cdrom0
drwxrwx--- 1 root vboxsf 384 10月 9 20:39 sf_vbox
alanjui@VB01-Debian-10:~$ ll /media/sf_vbox
總計 45908
-rwxrwx--- 1 root vboxsf 3675917 11月 18 2007 '04_LOVE SONG.mp3'
-rwxrwx--- 1 root vboxsf 4222189 11月 18 2007 "04.SANS RE'PONSE.mp3"
-rwxrwx--- 1 root vboxsf 2950602 11月 18 2007 '04_The Skye Boat Song.mp3'
-rwxrwx--- 1 root vboxsf 4520039 11月 18 2007 04_迎風而立.mp3
-rwxrwx--- 1 root vboxsf 5564139 9月 19 11:41 'Asummer place Paul Mauriat.mp3'
drwxrwx--- 1 root vboxsf 160 9月 13 22:27 Music
-rwxrwx--- 1 root vboxsf 15514657 9月 26 22:07 'The wanderer - Karunesh.mp3'
-rwxrwx--- 1 root vboxsf 9696790 10月 9 20:38 '但願人長久 - 蘇軾 詞、鄧麗君 唱.mp3'
alanjui@VB01-Debian-10:~$ touch /media/sf_vbox/test
alanjui@VB01-Debian-10:~$ ll /media/sf_vbox
總計 45908
-rwxrwx--- 1 root vboxsf 3675917 11月 18 2007 '04_LOVE SONG.mp3'
-rwxrwx--- 1 root vboxsf 4222189 11月 18 2007 "04.SANS RE'PONSE.mp3"
-rwxrwx--- 1 root vboxsf 2950602 11月 18 2007 '04_The Skye Boat Song.mp3'
-rwxrwx--- 1 root vboxsf 4520039 11月 18 2007 04_迎風而立.mp3
-rwxrwx--- 1 root vboxsf 5564139 9月 19 11:41 'Asummer place Paul Mauriat.mp3'
drwxrwx--- 1 root vboxsf 160 9月 13 22:27 Music
-rwxrwx--- 1 root vboxsf 0 1月 16 22:57 test
-rwxrwx--- 1 root vboxsf 15514657 9月 26 22:07 'The wanderer - Karunesh.mp3'
-rwxrwx--- 1 root vboxsf 9696790 10月 9 20:38 '但願人長久 - 蘇軾 詞、鄧麗君 唱.mp3'
lanjui@VB01-Debian-10:~$ ll
ls: 無法存取 'host': 協定錯誤
總計 40
d????????? ? ? ? ? ? host
drwxr-xr-x 7 alanjui alanjui 4096 12月 26 11:59 n
drwxr-xr-t 2 alanjui alanjui 4096 12月 26 10:37 thinclient_drives
drwxr-xr-x 11 alanjui alanjui 4096 12月 26 12:19 vim
drwxrwx--- 1 root vboxsf 512 1月 16 22:46 下載
drwxr-xr-x 2 alanjui alanjui 4096 12月 20 20:21 公共
drwxr-xr-x 2 alanjui alanjui 4096 12月 20 20:21 圖片
drwxr-xr-x 2 alanjui alanjui 4096 12月 20 20:21 影片
drwxr-xr-x 2 alanjui alanjui 4096 12月 20 20:21 文件
drwxr-xr-x 2 alanjui alanjui 4096 12月 20 20:21 桌面
drwxr-xr-x 2 alanjui alanjui 4096 12月 20 20:21 模板
drwxr-xr-x 2 alanjui alanjui 4096 12月 20 20:21 音樂
# iBus
sudo apt install -y ibus-rime
im-config
alanjui@VB01-Debian-10:~$ cat .xinputrc
# im-config(8) generated on Sat, 16 Jan 2021 22:08:39 +0800
run_im ibus
# im-config signature: 46bf2a71200109f2112af9cff14bb3fd -
# Fcitx 4 中文輸入法
下列官網文件載明:Fcitx5 基本上要到 Bullseye (V11) 版本後,才有完整的軟件包;在 Buster(V10)及之前版本之用戶,請繼續使用 Fcitx 4。 https://wiki.debian.org/zh_CN/I18n/Fcitx5#A.2BfkFPU04tZYd1KGI3-
安裝谷歌拚音輸入法
sudo apt install fcitx-googlepinyin
安裝倉頡五代輸入法
sudo apt install fcitx-table-cangjie5
安裝中文輸入法:中州韻(漢語拚音/倉頡)
sudo apt install fcitx-rime
設定 Fcitx 中文輸入法於開機時自動啟動
系統設定 》啟動與關閉 》自動啟動 》新增程式 》Fcitx
登出後再登入
設定中文輸入法採用「Fcitx」(使用者設定值)
im-config
選擇「啟動小企鵝輸入法(fcitx)!」
設定使用者設定值 /home/alanjui/.xinputrc 為 fcitx。
手動設定選擇: fcitx
Flexible Input Method Framework (fcitx)
* Required for all: fcitx
* Language specific input conversion support:
* Simplified Chinese: fcitx-libpinyin or fcitx-sunpinyin or fcitx-googlepinyin
* Traditional Chinese / generic Chinese: fcitx-rime
* Generic keyboard translation table: fcitx-table* packages
* Application platform support:
Installing fcitx-frontend-all will cover all GUI platforms.
* GNOME/GTK+: fcitx-frontend-gtk2 and fcitx-frontend-gtk3 (both)
* Qt4: fcitx-frontend-qt4
* KDE/Qt5: fcitx-frontend-qt5
使用者設定值已經被 im-config 修改。
請重新啟動 X 工作階段 (session) 來使用新的使用者設定值。
如果先前設定的背景程式被 X 工作階段管理程式 (session manager) 重新啟動,您可能需要使用 kill(1) 來結束程式。
請參考 im-config(8) 與 /usr/share/doc/im-config/README.Debian.gz。
加入中文輸入法
Fcitx 中文輸入法圖示 》設定目前輸入法
# 安裝 Python 3
安裝「Build 作業」相關軟件
sudo apt -y install build-essential zlib1g-dev libncurses5-dev libgdbm-dev libnss3-dev libssl-dev libsqlite3-dev libreadline-dev libffi-dev curl libbz2-dev
安裝 pyenv 與 pyenv-virtualenv 軟體套件
cd
git clone https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv.git ~/.pyenv
git clone https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv-virtualenv.git ~/.pyenv/plugins/pyenv-virtualenv
設定作業環境(~/.bashrc)
....
export PYENV_ROOT=$(~/.pyenv/bin/pyenv root)
export PATH="$PYENV_ROOT/bin:$PATH"
if command -v pyenv 1>/dev/null 2>&1; then
eval "$(pyenv init -)"
eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)"
fi
export PYENV_VIRTUALENV_DISABLE_PROMPT=1
啟動 Python 作業環境
exec "$SHELL"
驗證作業
pyenv versions
安裝 Python 2
pyenv install 2.7.8
安裝 Python 3.8
pyenv install -l
pyenv install 3.8.6
pyenv versions
安裝 Python 3.9
pyenv install 3.9.1
pyenv versions
設定作業系統預設使用 Python 3.9.1
pyenv global 3.9.1
【驗證】:
pyenv version
python --version
# 安裝 Node.JS
解除作業系統預設安裝的 Node.JS
sudo mv /bin/node /bin/node.bak
自 Git 原始碼儲存倉下載及執行安裝 (Node.js Versions Manager)
curl -L https://git.io/n-install | bash
. ~/.bashrc
# 安裝 Vim 8
解除系統已安裝之 vim
sudo apt remove vim
【註】: 作業系統「預設」安裝: /bin/vim
自 Git 版本儲存倉下載 Vim 8.2 原始程式碼,完成組建(Build)與安裝
git clone https://github.com/vim/vim.git
cd vim/src
make
sudo make install
【註】:新建置之 Vim 儲存路徑:
which vim
/usr/local/bin/vim
自 Vim PPA Repo 安裝 V8.2 版本
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:jonathonf/vim
sudo apt update
sudo apt install vim
【註】:Uninstall vim from PPA
sudo purge vim
sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:jonathonf/vim
自 Git 下載設定檔
cd
git clone https://github.com/AlanJui/vim8.git .vim
安裝 Vim 8 適用之 Vim Plugins
vim
:PlugInstall
:PlugUpdate
:q
# Tmux
Install
sudo apt -y install tmux
Extension: Oh My Tmux
$ cd
$ git clone https://github.com/gpakosz/.tmux.git
$ ln -s -f .tmux/.tmux.conf
$ cp .tmux/.tmux.conf.local .
Configuration: ~/.tmux.conf.local
# clipboard
tmux_conf_copy_to_os_clipboard=true
set -g mouse on
:
# replace C-b by C-a
Reload configuration
tmux source-file ~/.tmux.conf
# XRDP
alanjui@VB05-Debian10-KDE:~$ sudo apt install xrdp
[sudo] password for alanjui:
正在讀取套件清單... 完成
正在重建相依關係
正在讀取狀態資料... 完成
下列的額外套件將被安裝:
xorgxrdp
建議套件:
guacamole xrdp-pulseaudio-installer
下列【新】套件將會被安裝:
xorgxrdp xrdp
升級 0 個,新安裝 2 個,移除 0 個,有 0 個未被升級。
需要下載 607 kB 的套件檔。
此操作完成之後,會多佔用 3,941 kB 的磁碟空間。
是否繼續進行 [Y/n]? [Y/n] y
下載:1 http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 xorgxrdp amd64 1:0.2.9-1 [172 kB]
下載:2 http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 xrdp amd64 0.9.9-1+deb10u1 [435 kB]
取得 607 kB 用了 0s (2,819 kB/s)
選取了原先未選的套件 xorgxrdp。
(讀取資料庫 ... 目前共安裝了 197448 個檔案和目錄。)
正在準備解包 .../xorgxrdp_1%3a0.2.9-1_amd64.deb……
Unpacking xorgxrdp (1:0.2.9-1) ...
選取了原先未選的套件 xrdp。
正在準備解包 .../xrdp_0.9.9-1+deb10u1_amd64.deb……
Unpacking xrdp (0.9.9-1+deb10u1) ...
設定 xrdp (0.9.9-1+deb10u1) ...
Generating 2048 bit rsa key...
ssl_gen_key_xrdp1 ok
saving to /etc/xrdp/rsakeys.ini
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/xrdp-sesman.service → /lib/systemd/system/xrdp-sesman.service.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/xrdp.service → /lib/systemd/system/xrdp.service.
設定 xorgxrdp (1:0.2.9-1) ...
執行 systemd (241-7~deb10u5) 的觸發程式……
執行 man-db (2.8.5-2) 的觸發程式……
執行 libc-bin (2.28-10) 的觸發程式……
alanjui@VB05-Debian10-KDE:~$
安裝
su
apt -y install xrdp
systemctl enable xrdp
systemctl start xrdp
alanjui@VB05-Debian10-KDE:~$ systemctl status xrdp
● xrdp.service - xrdp daemon
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/xrdp.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2021-01-13 13:05:10 CST; 5min ago
Docs: man:xrdp(8)
man:xrdp.ini(5)
Main PID: 6223 (xrdp)
Tasks: 1 (limit: 2346)
Memory: 1.3M
CGroup: /system.slice/xrdp.service
└─6223 /usr/sbin/xrdp
alanjui@VB05-Debian10-KDE:~$ systemctl status xrdp-sesman
● xrdp-sesman.service - xrdp session manager
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/xrdp-sesman.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2021-01-13 13:05:09 CST; 5min ago
Docs: man:xrdp-sesman(8)
man:sesman.ini(5)
Main PID: 6213 (xrdp-sesman)
Tasks: 1 (limit: 2346)
Memory: 944.0K
CGroup: /system.slice/xrdp-sesman.service
└─6213 /usr/sbin/xrdp-sesman
環境
$ id xrdp
uid=118(xrdp) gid=125(xrdp) groups=125(xrdp)
$ groups xrdp
xrdp : xrdp
$ id
uid=1000(alanjui) gid=1000(alanjui) groups=1000(alanjui),24(cdrom),25(floppy),27(sudo),29(audio),30(dip),44(video),46(plugdev),109(netdev),112(bluetooth),116(scanner)
alanjui@VB05-Debian10-KDE:~$ id xrdp
uid=119(xrdp) gid=126(xrdp) groups=126(xrdp)
alanjui@VB05-Debian10-KDE:~$ groups xrdp
xrdp : xrdp
alanjui@VB05-Debian10-KDE:~$ id
uid=1000(alanjui) gid=1000(alanjui) groups=1000(alanjui),0(root),24(cdrom),25(floppy),27(sudo),29(audio),30(dip),44(video),46(plugdev),109(netdev),112(bluetooth),117(lpadmin),118(scanner),998(vboxsf)
$ ll /run/xrdp/
總計 8
drwxrwsrwt 2 xrdp xrdp 140 12月 26 10:48 sockdir
-rw------- 1 xrdp xrdp 4 12月 26 10:30 xrdp.pid
-rw------- 1 xrdp xrdp 4 12月 26 10:30 xrdp-sesman.pid
alanjui@VB05-Debian10-KDE:~$ ll /run/xrdp/
總計 8
drwxr-xr-x 3 xrdp xrdp 100 1月 13 13:05 .
drwxr-xr-x 25 root root 720 1月 13 13:05 ..
drwxrwsrwt 2 xrdp xrdp 40 1月 13 13:05 sockdir
-rw------- 1 xrdp xrdp 4 1月 13 13:05 xrdp.pid
-rw------- 1 xrdp xrdp 4 1月 13 13:05 xrdp-sesman.pid
/usr/lib/systemd/system/xrdp.service 1 [Unit] 1 Description=xrdp daemon 2 Documentation=man:xrdp(8) man:xrdp.ini(5) 3 Requires=xrdp-sesman.service 4 After=network.target xrdp-sesman.service 5 6 [Service] 7 Type=forking 8 PIDFile=/var/run/xrdp/xrdp.pid 9 RuntimeDirectory=xrdp 10 EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/xrdp 11 EnvironmentFile=-/etc/default/xrdp 12 User=xrdp 13 Group=xrdp 14 PermissionsStartOnly=true 15 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh /usr/share/xrdp/socksetup 16 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/xrdp $XRDP_OPTIONS 17 ExecStop=/usr/sbin/xrdp $XRDP_OPTIONS --kill 18 19 [Install] 20 WantedBy=multi-user.target:q
/usr/lib/systemd/system/xrdp-sesman.service [Unit] Description=xrdp session manager Documentation=man:xrdp-sesman(8) man:sesman.ini(5) After=network.target StopWhenUnneeded=true BindsTo=xrdp.service
[Service] Type=forking PIDFile=/var/run/xrdp/xrdp-sesman.pid RuntimeDirectory=xrdp EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/xrdp EnvironmentFile=-/etc/default/xrdp ExecStart=/usr/sbin/xrdp-sesman $SESMAN_OPTIONS ExecStop=/usr/sbin/xrdp-sesman $SESMAN_OPTIONS --kill
[Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
/etc/xrdp/xrdp.ini
/etc/xrdp/sesman.ini
/etc/xrdp/startvm.sh
/etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc . /etc/X11/Xsession
/etc/X11/Xwrapper.config allowed_users=console
alanjui@VB01-Debian-10:~$ sudo systemctl status xrdp [sudo] password for alanjui: ● xrdp.service - xrdp daemon Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/xrdp.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled) Active: active (running) since Sat 2020-12-26 13:27:57 CST; 8min ago Docs: man:xrdp(8) man:xrdp.ini(5) Process: 529 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh /usr/share/xrdp/socksetup (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Process: 542 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/xrdp $XRDP_OPTIONS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 544 (xrdp) Tasks: 2 (limit: 2346) Memory: 21.9M CGroup: /system.slice/xrdp.service ├─ 544 /usr/sbin/xrdp └─2366 /usr/sbin/xrdp
12月 26 13:35:48 VB01-Debian-10 xrdp[2366]: (2366)(139863268157248)[DEBUG] xrdp_wm_log_msg: connecting to sesman ip 12月 26 13:35:49 VB01-Debian-10 xrdp[2366]: (2366)(139863268157248)[INFO ] xrdp_wm_log_msg: sesman connect ok 12月 26 13:35:49 VB01-Debian-10 xrdp[2366]: (2366)(139863268157248)[DEBUG] xrdp_wm_log_msg: sending login info to s 12月 26 13:35:49 VB01-Debian-10 xrdp[2366]: (2366)(139863268157248)[DEBUG] return value from xrdp_mm_connect 0 12月 26 13:35:49 VB01-Debian-10 xrdp[2366]: (2366)(139863268157248)[INFO ] xrdp_wm_log_msg: login successful for di 12月 26 13:35:49 VB01-Debian-10 xrdp[2366]: (2366)(139863268157248)[DEBUG] xrdp_wm_log_msg: started connecting 12月 26 13:35:50 VB01-Debian-10 xrdp[2366]: (2366)(139863268157248)[INFO ] lib_mod_log_peer: xrdp_pid=2366 connecte 12月 26 13:35:50 VB01-Debian-10 xrdp[2366]: (2366)(139863268157248)[DEBUG] xrdp_wm_log_msg: connected ok 12月 26 13:35:50 VB01-Debian-10 xrdp[2366]: (2366)(139863268157248)[DEBUG] xrdp_mm_connect_chansrv: chansrv connect 12月 26 13:35:50 VB01-Debian-10 xrdp[2366]: (2366)(139863268157248)[DEBUG] Closed socket 16 (AF_INET6 ::1 port 4130 lines 1-24/24 (END)
alanjui@VB01-Debian-10:~$ sudo systemctl status xrdp-sesman ● xrdp-sesman.service - xrdp session manager Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/xrdp-sesman.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled) Active: active (running) since Sat 2020-12-26 13:27:56 CST; 9min ago Docs: man:xrdp-sesman(8) man:sesman.ini(5) Process: 517 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/xrdp-sesman $SESMAN_OPTIONS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 528 (xrdp-sesman) Tasks: 1 (limit: 2346) Memory: 2.1M CGroup: /system.slice/xrdp-sesman.service └─528 /usr/sbin/xrdp-sesman
12月 26 13:35:49 VB01-Debian-10 xrdp-sesman[528]: (528)(140155329705408)[INFO ] starting Xorg session... 12月 26 13:35:49 VB01-Debian-10 xrdp-sesman[528]: (528)(140155329705408)[DEBUG] Closed socket 9 (AF_INET6 :: port 5 12月 26 13:35:49 VB01-Debian-10 xrdp-sesman[528]: (528)(140155329705408)[DEBUG] Closed socket 9 (AF_INET6 :: port 6 12月 26 13:35:49 VB01-Debian-10 xrdp-sesman[528]: (528)(140155329705408)[DEBUG] Closed socket 9 (AF_INET6 :: port 6 12月 26 13:35:49 VB01-Debian-10 xrdp-sesman[528]: (528)(140155329705408)[DEBUG] Closed socket 8 (AF_INET6 ::1 port 12月 26 13:35:49 VB01-Debian-10 xrdp-sesman[2367]: (2367)(140155329705408)[INFO ] calling auth_start_session from p 12月 26 13:35:49 VB01-Debian-10 xrdp-sesman[2367]: pam_unix(xrdp-sesman:session): session opened for user alanjui b 12月 26 13:35:49 VB01-Debian-10 xrdp-sesman[2367]: (2367)(140155329705408)[DEBUG] Closed socket 7 (AF_INET6 ::1 por 12月 26 13:35:49 VB01-Debian-10 xrdp-sesman[2367]: (2367)(140155329705408)[DEBUG] Closed socket 8 (AF_INET6 ::1 por 12月 26 13:35:49 VB01-Debian-10 xrdp-sesman[2367]: (2367)(140155329705408)[CORE ] waiting for window manager (pid 2 lines 1-22/22 (END)
問題排除
無法登入(xrdp session manager (xrdp-sesman) 發出錯誤說明: login failed for display 0)
登入之
登入後,畫面一片黑。 無法支援多人同時登入,已登入之人需先登出。
登入後需輸入「管理員」密碼 (opens new window)。
- Authentication is required to create a color managed device
- Authentication is required to refresh the system repositories
因為 Remote Login 需要核對「使用者」之權限。依據的準則取自「Polkit Policy file」,故而發生以上兩起要求「Authentication」事件。
【首等方案】:增加自動設定 Script : /etc/polkit-1/localauthority.conf.d/02-allow-colord.conf
polkit.addRule(function(action, subject) {
if ((action.id == "org.freedesktop.color-manager.create-device" ||
action.id == "org.freedesktop.color-manager.create-profile" ||
action.id == "org.freedesktop.color-manager.delete-device" ||
action.id == "org.freedesktop.color-manager.delete-profile" ||
action.id == "org.freedesktop.color-manager.modify-device" ||
action.id == "org.freedesktop.color-manager.modify-profile") &&
subject.isInGroup("{users}")) {
return polkit.Result.YES;
}
});
【次等方案】:修改「設定檔」:/usr/share/polkit-1/actions/org.freedesktop.color.policy
....
<defaults>
<allow_any>auth_adminyes</allow_any>
<allow_inactive>noyes</allow_inactive>
<allow_active>yes</allow_active>
</defaults>
....
【需要認證 - PolicyKit 1 KDE 代理程式】 Authentication is required to set the network proxy used for downloading software 有一個應用程式試圖執行需要權限的動作。要執行此動作需要認證。
【詳細資料】:
- 應用程式:不適用的
- 動作: Set network proxy
- 動作編號:org.freedesktop.packagekit.system-network-proxy-configure
- 廠商:The Packagekit Project
polkit.subject-pid: 15243 polkit.caller-pid: 15749
【xmessage】
- VBoxClient: Failed to request display change events, rc=VERR_INVALID_FUNCTION
- VBoxClient: Failed to register resizing support, rc=VERR_INVALID_FUNCTION
- VBoxClient: Failure waiting for event, rc=VERR_INVALID_FUNCTION